📚The Linux Filesystem
/bin - For binaries usable before the /usr partition is mounted. This is used for trivial binaries used in the very early boot stage or ones that you need to have available in booting single-user mode. Think of binaries like cat, ls, etc. This directory contains executable programs which are needed in single user mode and to bring the system up or repair it.
/sbin - Same, but for binaries with superuser (root) privileges required.
/etc - Contains configuration files which are local to the machine. Some larger software packages, like X11, can have their own subdirectories below /etc. Site-wide configuration files may be placed here or in /usr/etc. Nevertheless, programs should always look for these files in /etc and you may have links for these files to /usr/etc.
/usr/bin - This is the primary directory for executable programs. Most programs executed by normal users which are not needed for booting or for repairing the system and which are not installed lo‐ cally should be placed in this directory.
/usr/sbin - This directory contains program binaries for system administration which are not essential for the boot process, for mounting /usr, or for system repair.
Run
man hier(yeah I spelled that wrong won't press backspace 😤) for better description of the filesystem hierarchy.
References :
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